Dernière mise à jour : 28 avril 2018
contenu disponible en anglais seulement
Substance use disorders can include abuse of prescription medications such as analgesics or non-prescription substances such as cocaine, opioids such as heroine, marijuana (cannabis), or alcohol. In 2012, members of an estimated 3.8% of Canadian households had a substance use disorder in the previous year, and 31.8% of regular Canadian Forces members had alcohol abuse or dependence in 2013.
Patients with substance use disorders can be treated with hospital- or residential-based programs (in-patient care), or with home- or community-based programs (outpatient care), with treatment options for both in-patient and outpatient care ranging from medication to counselling and recovery support services.
The clinical effectiveness of in-patient care programs compared to outpatient care programs for adults with substance use disorders is not clear, and in Canada, referral to in-patient versus outpatient facilities may vary across jurisdictions and clinical practices. A review of the evidence and guidelines associated with in-patient and outpatient treatment programs will help inform decisions regarding therapy.
A limited literature search was conducted of key resources, and titles and abstracts of the retrieved publications were reviewed. Full-text publications were evaluated for final article selection according to predetermined selection criteria (population, intervention, comparator, outcomes, and study designs).
A total of 977 citations were identified in the literature search, with one additional publication identified from the grey literature. Of these, five met the criteria for inclusion in this review — one systematic review, three primary clinical studies, and one guideline.